There are some distinguished categories of artwork include woodcraft, artwork of earthenware, paintings, work on sculpture, textile artwork & stonework. Among them metal artwork is one of the highly recognized & famous category of craftsmen. The metal artwork includes artistic work on metal like iron, copper, silver and alloys like bronze, bell metal, white metal etc.
Various kinds of metals which are used by the craftsmen like iron, copper, silver & alloy metal like bronze, bell metal & white metal. These metals are used to make a several kinds of items like vessels, pans, utensils, various types of photo frames, sculptures of holy personalities, various figures & animals which are related to the mythology. Several metals which are used in metal artwork to make doorknobs, valves, key chains, decorative metal designs & jewellery items.
Various types of monument are prepared by taking use of lost wax process. The main starting point of this process is creation of wax model of the monument. The next stage is to cover this model with clay; there are holes which are prepared into clay. At the final stage, at the upper stage the metal which is melted is dispensed through the metal. So the effect of this is that the melting of wax takes place. There is the hollow is substituted the hot metal without any human intervention. Finally cooling process of metal takes place & so the final product of metal work is freed from clay & polished.
We can also prepare of the metal artwork of the desired shape & size by pouring metals in moulds. By taking use of soldering, we can attach various parts of metals which are molded. Various processes like enameling, engraving & damascening are used in metal artwork for beautifying metal objects.
We can see the variety of metal artwork worldwide. In some regions of the India, we can see the conventional vessels which are made up of metal like iron & brass. This can see the traditional household metal artwork like crockery, samovars, dishes & trays. There is one kind of metal artwork called as naquashi. In this metal artwork, the complex design patterns like flower-patterned and calligraphic patterns are printed on copper and silver items. The oxidization process is taken place on these complex patterns which put together the designs to stand out from the background.
Another famous metal artwork includes the artwork on metal like brass. Several types of household crockery items like utensils, trays, and bowls are decorated by taking use of complex etching. The electroplating items of brass & copper & items which are made up of white metals are also included in the metal artwork.
The process like engraving & lacquering of brass metal is important step in metal art work. Items such as various design items like bowls, photo frames, boxes and plates etc. Native patterns and natural scenes etc are printed on the surface.
the artwork like Koftagari is one of the type of the metal artwork. In this artwork, there is the encrustation of one metal; to another which is in the form of wire. The best examples of this work is swords, daggers & shields.
Medieval artwork tries to explain the meaning of the subject than painting the naturalistic images. This art began when the Roman Empire fall totally and new power of Christian church began. During this period, people observed that Christians had different concerns than the Roman art public. This observation was also about their respective arts. Romans were less focused on the realism and more focused over symbolic representation and Christian were more focused on the realism. But both the arts were used to decorate the churches.
But the medieval artwork used to create the devotional atmosphere in the churches as well as to illustrate the Christian stories to illiterate people. Initial period of the medieval artwork is known as the Byzantine. In this period basic medium of the painting was glass mosaics. Generally Romans had used small stones in creation of the mosaics while the Byzantine used little pieces of colored glass. These glass pieces are set in to mortar of the church walls with different angles to catch the light.
This style of the decoration was symbolic representation of the Christian saints. The art gave heavenly atmosphere to the figures with gold background with intentional used. Along with this figures usually have coronas to represent the divine status of the figures. To show the unification of church and state holy Roman Emperor or Empress are portrayed.
In addition with mosaics; artist of the medieval artwork had developed new medium of painting. In this painting, medium was egg tempera on the wood support. This technique requires bled of pigment of egg yolk that creates permanent bond to the surface. These were intended to hang large scale of paintings within the church. Later on these were created for personal devotion. Style used in this was same as that found in mosaics.
In this period the popular icons were Christ on the cross with open eyes that represents his victory over death and the figure of Mary. She was crowned as the heavenly mother of the Christ. Her image was strengthening her divine status by golden background and surrounding angles.
Churches were oration in stones that could be read by the illiterate people. The designs were such that before the entry of the worshipper in the church they would find the images of saints and scenes of punishment of the damned and angelic beings. All these sculptures were created to remind the importance of god. There were great similarities in the images from illuminated manuscripts and portrays during the Romanesque period. In the Romanesque designs more emphasis was on shallow reliefs, and flat Biblical stories as well as figures. On the other hand gothic sculptures focused on the three dimensional figures.
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